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Joseph "Cabell" Breckinridge (July 14, 1788 – September 1, 1823) was a lawyer and politician in the U.S. state of Kentucky. From 1816 to 1819, he was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives, serving as speaker from 1817 to 1819. In 1820, he was appointed Kentucky Secretary of State by Governor John Adair. A member of the Breckinridge political family, he was the son of U.S. Attorney General John Breckinridge and the father of U.S. Vice President John C. Breckinridge. Born in Albemarle County, Virginia, Breckinridge moved to Kentucky with his parents in 1793. When John Breckinridge was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1801, Cabell traveled with him to Washington, D.C., and completed preparatory studies at New London Academy (now Colby–Sawyer College). In 1806, he enrolled in the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University). His studies were interrupted in 1807 when he participated in a student protest against the strict rules and rigorous curriculum at the institution, but after a year-long break, he returned and completed his bachelor's degree in 1810. After graduation, he married Mary Clay Smith, daughter of Samuel Stanhope Smith, the university's president. Breckinridge intended to begin practicing law in Lexington, Kentucky, but he enlisted for service in the War of 1812 instead. After the war, he opened his practice and was elected to the Kentucky House, where he led an unsuccessful attempt to oust Gabriel Slaughter after he ascended to the governorship upon the death of George Madison. He served as Speaker of the House from 1817 to 1819, and was appointed as Adair's Secretary of State in 1820. He moved to Frankfort, the state capital, so that he could attend to the duties of his office, but fell ill with a fever in August 1823 and died in office on September 1. ==Early life and family== Joseph Cabell Breckinridge was born in Albemarle County, Virginia, on July 14, 1788.〔"Secretary of State Joseph Cabell Breckinridge". Kentucky Secretary of State〕 He was the second child and first son of John and Mary Hopkins "Polly" (née Cabell) Breckinridge.〔Klotter in ''The Breckinridges of Kentucky'', p. 11〕 He was named for his maternal grandfather, Joseph Cabell, of Virginia's Cabell political family but was known as "Cabell" throughout his life.〔〔Heck, p. 2〕 In 1793, the family moved to Lexington, Kentucky.〔 Late in the year, a smallpox epidemic struck the city.〔Klotter in ''The Breckinridges of Kentucky'', p. 32〕 Inoculations came too late, and Breckinridge, his mother, and three of his siblings were infected.〔 Breckinridge, his mother, and his sister Letitia survived, but his sister Mary and brother Robert died.〔 Other than this, historian Lowell H. Harrison wrote that "little is known of his boyhood", although he speculates that he probably attended some local schools and read from his father's extensive library.〔Harrison, p. 286〕 In 1801, when Breckinridge was 12 years old, his father was elected to the U.S. Senate.〔 The family moved to Bedford County, Virginia, where they lived with relatives in order to be closer to the elder Breckinridge during the congressional session at Washington, D.C..〔 While there, Cabell Breckinridge attended New London Academy (now Colby–Sawyer College).〔 A case of measles prevented him from attending William and Mary College (now College of William & Mary), his father's ''alma mater'', where his cousin, future Congressman James Breckinridge, was enrolled.〔Harrison, p. 287〕 In 1803, he accompanied his father to the capital where he witnessed the debates over the Louisiana Purchase before returning to college in October.〔 After Congress adjourned in March, John Breckinridge met his son in Virginia, and they arrived back at Cabell's Dale, the family estate near Lexington, on April 18, 1804.〔Harrison, p. 288〕 He did not return to Virginia with his father in late 1804, instead pursuing preparatory studies under Colonel Samuel Wilson in advance of his enrollment at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University).〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cabell Breckinridge」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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